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Driver: Oracle

There are two drivers to connect to Oracle.

  • OCI8 (oci8://): uses the oci8 extension directly, not PDO.
  • PDO OCI (oci:// or oracle://): uses the pdo_oci extension.

Both need Oracle Instant Client. See Installing the PHP database extensions.

OCI8​

    oci8://user:pass@server:port/serviceName?parameters

The parameters can be:

  • protocol=TCP (default)
  • codepage=UTF8 (default)
  • conntype=default|persistent|new
  • session_mode=OCI_DEFAULT|OCI_SYSDBA|OCI_SYSOPER

conntype​

  • If conntype = default will call the oci_connect() command;
  • If conntype = new will call the oci_new_connect() command;
  • If conntype = persistent will call the oci_pconnect() command;

session_mode​

The OCI_DEFAULT, OCI_SYSDBA AND OCI_SYSOPER are the PHP Constants and they are 0, 2 and 4 respectively;

PDO OCI​

    oci://user:pass@server:port/serviceName?parameters

oracle:// is an alias of oci://.

The parameters can be:

  • protocol=TCP (default)
  • codepage=AL32UTF8 (default), sent as the charset of the PDO connection string
Character set

pdo_oci may ignore the charset of the connection string and return ? for every non-ASCII character. Set NLS_LANG=.AL32UTF8 in the environment of the PHP process; it cannot be set with putenv(). See Installing the PHP database extensions.

Notes​

  • A trailing ; is removed from the statement, because Oracle rejects it.
  • The port defaults to 1521.