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URI Encoding Behavior

PSR-7 requires URIs to be compliant with RFC3986, which means URI output will always be properly URL encoded.

Password Encoding​

When creating URIs with special characters in passwords, they are automatically encoded:

// Creating a URI with special characters in the password
$uri = Uri::getInstance("https://user:pa&@host");
echo (string)$uri; // "https://user:pa%26@host"

// Creating a URI with already encoded characters
$uri = Uri::getInstance("https://user:pa%26@host");
echo (string)$uri; // "https://user:pa%26@host"

Using withUserInfo​

The withUserInfo() method does NOT encode the password automatically:

// Using withUserInfo with unencoded password
$uri = Uri::getInstance("https://host")
    ->withUserInfo("user", "pa&");
echo (string)$uri; // "https://user:pa&@host"

// Using withUserInfo with already encoded password
$uri = Uri::getInstance("https://host")
    ->withUserInfo("user", "pa%26");
echo (string)$uri; // "https://user:pa%2526@host"
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Be careful when using withUserInfo() with pre-encoded passwords, as this can lead to double-encoding.

Query Parameter Encoding​

Query parameters are encoded according to RFC3986:

$uri = Uri::getInstance("https://example.com")
    ->withQuery("name=John Doe&[email protected]");

echo $uri->getQuery();
// "name=John+Doe&email=john%40example.com"

How Encoding Works Internally​

  1. During parsing: Passwords are decoded using rawurldecode()
  2. During output: Passwords in getUserInfo() are re-encoded with rawurlencode()
  3. Query strings: Built using http_build_query() with PHP_QUERY_RFC3986 flag

This ensures that URIs can be parsed and re-serialized idempotently (parsing the output produces the same URI).